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associate administrator for research in

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the science mission directorate and we

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have david spurgle who will be the lead

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for this study and also the president of

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the simons foundation

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once we get to the question and answer

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portion you may press star one to get

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into the queue to ask a question and our

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operator holly will give you more

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details when we get to that point uh

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however for now we will start out and uh

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welcome thomas sirbukin talking to you

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well thanks so much karen

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i want to first uh say that of course

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part of our

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task at nasa is

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given to us by

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the congress is not only to do

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fundamental research in the skies and so

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forth but as part of that also to find

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life elsewhere that's why we've built

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astrobiology programs in many

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disciplines across the summary field

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that looks at both

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extinct life on mars for example but

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also looks at the patterns of life

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elsewhere

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perhaps

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forward but also as we look at

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exoplanets planets outside of our solar

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system looking for the question whether

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certain environments are in fact uh

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part of uh

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ken of the if you want the ladder of

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life that

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got us to uh where we are

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so the tools that we're using whether

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it's in this field they're also kind of

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in fields that then go towards kind of

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intelligent life such as techno

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signatures which we have programs for

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already are the same tools that we use

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everywhere the tools that we're uh

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frankly using here and that is to be

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commissioning a study

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uh to start early in the fall to examine

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our unidentified aerial phenomena the

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study will focus

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on identifying available data how to

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best collect future data and how nasa

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can use these data to move the

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scientific understanding of uaps forward

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a short way i would talk about that is

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take a field that is relatively data

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poor

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and to have make it into a field that is

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much more data rich and therefore worthy

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of scientific investigation and analysis

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as its mission of course uh as i just

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said is to explore the unknown in air

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and space

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and we have access frankly as part of

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that to broad a range of observations uh

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of earth and space and and frankly

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that's the lifeblood of our scientific

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inquiry we have the tools

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and teams who can help us improve our

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understanding of the unknown and we are

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prepared to use these powerful tools

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of scientific discovery in this case

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as much as anything else using exactly

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the same

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kind of approach that we always use

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unidentified phenomena in the atmosphere

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of interest for both for many reasons

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frankly i think there's new science to

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be discovered

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there's many many times where something

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that looked almost magical turned out to

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be a new scientific effect

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but there's also

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national security and air safety issues

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that have been discussed elsewhere that

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of course relate to these observations

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and establishing uh uh you know with

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events that are whether they're natural

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or whether they are kind of uh need to

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be explained otherwise

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is very much aligned with nasa's goals

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that uh ensure of course you know that

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we discover the unknown but also ensures

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the safety of aircraft that of course

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are in that airspace

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that these phenomena occur

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uh this an abandoned study will be led

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by astrophysicist david spurgle

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who's the president of the simons

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foundation of uh in new york city and uh

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as previous previously been the chair of

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astrophysics and department of branston

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and university of princeton new jersey

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dan evans the assistant deputy associate

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uh administrator for research it's kind

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of is that the really kind of the wheels

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on the bus kind of really making sure

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that we're interfacing

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uh with some people may ask why david by

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dance first of all dan

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with his tremendous experience uh both

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as a researcher but also as enabler for

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research his work that he did in the

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white house previously i think has

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tremendous uh insight into kind of the

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cross interagency aspect that uh relates

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to some of these discussions

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and david sperkle i think to all of us

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in astrophysics really understand that

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he's one of the most trusted voices and

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so many questions also a person who

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understands really the power of science

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and is willing and able to use that

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power of science kind of in areas

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where i would say kind of fall under

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that what we would refer to as high risk

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high impact kind of research kind of

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areas that

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that many of the scientists may be a

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little bit more timid

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to walk into so dave i'm going to kick

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it over to you

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uh thanks thomas

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to

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start this is a really exciting project

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one of the most exciting things in

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science are things that we don't

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understand

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and

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my starting point i think all of our

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this is they're a phenomenon that we

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don't understand and have and then how

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do we start to make progress

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we have a very limited set of

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observations right now with these uaps

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this makes it difficult to draw

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conclusions

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so we start by trying to

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figure out what data is out there

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and we're going to be working with

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government nonprofits companies

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civilians and try to identify what data

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is already there

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then start to think about what data

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should we collect in the future

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and how are we going to analyze it

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we actually have a wealth of data about

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our atmosphere right we observe it

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both from above and below

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and

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whether it's air traffic management data

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astronomers looking up

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sunlight's looking down and what we want

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to start with is just synthesizing the

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data we have

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and see what information we have and see

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what information we need

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and our plan is to conduct a you know an

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open inquiry

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that

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this is done we at least have a roadmap

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of how to move forward in understanding

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in this area

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um so let me now turn this over to dan

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adams who will talk a bit more about the

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thanks david hello everyone i'm going to

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give you some quick details on this

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study from a nasa perspective

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but i wanted to start by saying that

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over the decades nasa has answered the

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call to tackle some of the most

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perplexing mysteries we know of and this

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is no different i do want to underscore

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that nasa is uniquely positioned to

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address uap because who other than us

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can use the power of data and of science

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to look at what's happening in our skies

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and quite frankly this is why we do

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what we do

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now for this study specifically we plan

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on bringing together some of the

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country's leading scientists aeronautics

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experts and data practitioners

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we expect the study to kick off in the

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early fall it should take about nine

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months to complete

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and i want to make this point

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emphatically that very much consistent

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with our principles of openness

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transparency and scientific integrity

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the full report will be

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made available to the public and we

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expect to hold a public meeting to

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discuss the study's findings without

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that i will pass it back to karen fox

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fantastic thank you we are ready to take

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questions and i will pass it to uh holly

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our operator just to i walk us through

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the process there

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and

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thank you if you would like to ask a

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question please unmute your phone press

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star one and record your first and last

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name clearly when prompted so i may

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introduce you

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again that is star one our first

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question comes from chris davenport with

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the washington post

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you may go ahead

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okay thanks very much um i just wonder

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uh for david dr z i mean do you go into

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this study with any sort of hypothesis

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that could explain the uaps and then

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also dr z during your speech

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this morning you said you didn't want to

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shy away from these types of studies

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even if they're controversial or

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you could uh as you i think you said you

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know cause some sort of reputational

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harm i wonder if you can talk a little

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bit more about that and if you expect

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any kind of pushback thanks

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david are you there can you take the

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yeah can you hear me now

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yeah yes

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excellent

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uh so yeah so

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i would say the only preconceived notion

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i have coming into this is that we

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should be open to the idea that we're

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looking at several different phenomena

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this has been

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my experience when we have some

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observational phenomena we don't know

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what it is that we classify

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several different things into one

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grouping

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so we need not look for you know we may

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find that one explanation accounts for

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some set of events and a different

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explanation accounts for others

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so i you know

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there's a pretty wide range of what

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might be accounting for these events and

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i have not looked

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at all the data that's available and

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believe in

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trying to not come in with preconceived

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notions until we have a better look at

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so if you ask me that question uh

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frankly david i would have i would have

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said almost the same thing you know i

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really believe uh generally speaking

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uh my sense is that uh don't ever

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underestimate what nature can do for you

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uh i just really believe the natural

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world kind of sometimes we have this

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assertion that we understand the natural

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world and everything that's not

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explained in the with the loss of nature

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that we have right now is somehow not

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natural and i just uh really believe

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that there's a lot to learn still

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we learned that frankly as we turn

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around we put up telescopes look into

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the deep sky there's a lot to learn

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and i think the same is true when we

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look at our own planet and even our own

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airspace

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the reason i talked about kind of

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reputational risk uh relative to that

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i mean it's clear

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that you know

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in a traditional type of science

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environment kind of talking about some

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00:10:46,790 --> 00:10:45,120
of these issues may be considered kind

285
00:10:52,470 --> 00:10:46,800
of

286
00:10:54,949 --> 00:10:52,480
things that are not actual science i

287
00:10:56,630 --> 00:10:54,959
just really vehemently oppose that i

288
00:10:58,710 --> 00:10:56,640
really believe that

289
00:11:00,949 --> 00:10:58,720
the quality of science is not only

290
00:11:03,030 --> 00:11:00,959
measured by the outputs that come behind

291
00:11:04,870 --> 00:11:03,040
it but also the questions we're willing

292
00:11:07,350 --> 00:11:04,880
to tackle with science

293
00:11:08,710 --> 00:11:07,360
this of course is the reason why

294
00:11:10,870 --> 00:11:08,720
millions of

295
00:11:12,550 --> 00:11:10,880
lives were saved

296
00:11:14,470 --> 00:11:12,560
during this pandemic because of the

297
00:11:17,750 --> 00:11:14,480
amazing scientists that looked at new

298
00:11:18,710 --> 00:11:17,760
ways of creating kind of vaccines before

299
00:11:21,110 --> 00:11:18,720
they were

300
00:11:23,269 --> 00:11:21,120
truly uh useful and then them being

301
00:11:25,030 --> 00:11:23,279
deployed there's many many examples that

302
00:11:27,430 --> 00:11:25,040
were where people

303
00:11:30,389 --> 00:11:27,440
kind of lean forward into a field that

304
00:11:33,350 --> 00:11:30,399
is uh not yet accepted it's

305
00:11:36,389 --> 00:11:33,360
controversial or attacks on reputational

306
00:11:40,310 --> 00:11:36,399
risk so i do believe uh uh you know in

307
00:11:42,069 --> 00:11:40,320
in some domains uh uh surely uh you know

308
00:11:45,030 --> 00:11:42,079
this will not just be met with other

309
00:11:47,269 --> 00:11:45,040
enthusiasm uh but i do believe that uh

310
00:11:49,350 --> 00:11:47,279
it's absolutely necessary uh for us

311
00:11:52,150 --> 00:11:49,360
whether it's in this but also in other

312
00:11:54,230 --> 00:11:52,160
places to really uh in fact lean into uh

313
00:11:56,870 --> 00:11:54,240
those kind of high-risk high-impact kind

314
00:11:58,389 --> 00:11:56,880
of uh areas

315
00:11:59,910 --> 00:11:58,399
yeah and that's just to add a little bit

316
00:12:02,230 --> 00:11:59,920
i think we have to approach all these

317
00:12:03,030 --> 00:12:02,240
questions with a sense of humility

318
00:12:18,710 --> 00:12:03,040
i

319
00:12:20,949 --> 00:12:18,720
but

320
00:12:23,110 --> 00:12:20,959
at the end of the day we may conclude

321
00:12:24,550 --> 00:12:23,120
that we still don't understand many

322
00:12:26,949 --> 00:12:24,560
aspects of them

323
00:12:33,750 --> 00:12:26,959
and perhaps have a road map on how to

324
00:12:37,509 --> 00:12:34,790
all right i think we're ready for our

325
00:12:39,509 --> 00:12:37,519
next question thank you so much

326
00:12:42,790 --> 00:12:39,519
our next question is from lauren gresh

327
00:12:45,030 --> 00:12:42,800
with the verge you may go ahead

328
00:12:47,350 --> 00:12:45,040
hi thank you uh my question is for

329
00:12:49,030 --> 00:12:47,360
thomas derbugen kind of

330
00:12:52,310 --> 00:12:49,040
piggybacking off of what christian was

331
00:12:55,110 --> 00:12:52,320
asking so in the announcement today nasa

332
00:12:57,590 --> 00:12:55,120
stressed that uips are unlikely to be

333
00:12:59,509 --> 00:12:57,600
extraterrestrial in origin but then

334
00:13:01,829 --> 00:12:59,519
proceeded to talk about nasa's efforts

335
00:13:03,430 --> 00:13:01,839
to search for alien life and then today

336
00:13:05,750 --> 00:13:03,440
opening this pressure you talked about

337
00:13:07,430 --> 00:13:05,760
intelligent life and techno signatures

338
00:13:09,350 --> 00:13:07,440
so i'm wondering if nasa is trying to

339
00:13:11,910 --> 00:13:09,360
make a connection that uips or some kind

340
00:13:14,710 --> 00:13:11,920
of alien technology and if not why

341
00:13:17,430 --> 00:13:14,720
include that language thank you

342
00:13:19,110 --> 00:13:17,440
yeah i think what the intent was uh in

343
00:13:24,389 --> 00:13:19,120
that

344
00:13:26,629 --> 00:13:24,399
at this moment in time kind of there's

345
00:13:28,310 --> 00:13:26,639
uh kind of in with the evidence that we

346
00:13:30,470 --> 00:13:28,320
have you know if you looked at the

347
00:13:32,550 --> 00:13:30,480
broader scientific community and also in

348
00:13:35,030 --> 00:13:32,560
general i think it would be hard to find

349
00:13:37,350 --> 00:13:35,040
irrefutable evidence for a given event

350
00:13:40,069 --> 00:13:37,360
being one or the other and certainly uh

351
00:13:43,030 --> 00:13:40,079
there's no kind of marquee event that

352
00:13:45,030 --> 00:13:43,040
anybody kind of a whole group of uh kind

353
00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:45,040
of independent scientists and so forth

354
00:13:48,550 --> 00:13:46,320
which of course as you know is the

355
00:13:49,910 --> 00:13:48,560
standard of scientific consensus would

356
00:13:52,629 --> 00:13:49,920
agree that it's

357
00:13:54,550 --> 00:13:52,639
uh you know it's it's of that nature

358
00:13:56,629 --> 00:13:54,560
i do believe that that actually says

359
00:13:57,990 --> 00:13:56,639
very little about the event themselves

360
00:14:00,790 --> 00:13:58,000
it just says

361
00:14:03,350 --> 00:14:00,800
a lot about the availability of data

362
00:14:06,069 --> 00:14:03,360
which is by the way exactly where

363
00:14:09,030 --> 00:14:06,079
we're focused on this uh the reason i

364
00:14:11,670 --> 00:14:09,040
pointed out uh the uh astrobiology and

365
00:14:13,990 --> 00:14:11,680
techno signatures is to just uh throw

366
00:14:16,069 --> 00:14:14,000
out and many people miss that sometimes

367
00:14:18,230 --> 00:14:16,079
you know kind of you know and people

368
00:14:20,150 --> 00:14:18,240
tweet at me and it's obvious that they

369
00:14:23,110 --> 00:14:20,160
don't know that that we

370
00:14:25,910 --> 00:14:23,120
have demonstrated over the past years

371
00:14:28,550 --> 00:14:25,920
and uh frankly even decades our uh

372
00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:28,560
interest in the overall question of

373
00:14:33,110 --> 00:14:31,279
finding life elsewhere and also finding

374
00:14:34,870 --> 00:14:33,120
intelligent life elsewhere using the

375
00:14:37,110 --> 00:14:34,880
tools of science so that's why i brought

376
00:14:38,389 --> 00:14:37,120
it up i i if somebody asked me do i

377
00:14:40,790 --> 00:14:38,399
really think that

378
00:14:43,430 --> 00:14:40,800
that uh is is that you know there is uh

379
00:14:45,750 --> 00:14:43,440
irrefutable evidence for an intelligent

380
00:14:48,069 --> 00:14:45,760
life here and one of these phenomena and

381
00:14:49,829 --> 00:14:48,079
otherwise that it's a i would give an

382
00:14:51,110 --> 00:14:49,839
answer that's absolutely acceptable as a

383
00:14:53,269 --> 00:14:51,120
scientist

384
00:14:55,509 --> 00:14:53,279
which is i don't know

385
00:14:57,509 --> 00:14:55,519
because there is not you know from where

386
00:14:59,670 --> 00:14:57,519
i'm looking at kind of

387
00:15:00,550 --> 00:14:59,680
uh that's not what uh you know kind of

388
00:15:02,710 --> 00:15:00,560
the

389
00:15:04,310 --> 00:15:02,720
overall kind of uh support for that to

390
00:15:06,470 --> 00:15:04,320
kind of get to that part it's just a

391
00:15:07,829 --> 00:15:06,480
very high bar in all cases i think

392
00:15:09,829 --> 00:15:07,839
additional data

393
00:15:12,710 --> 00:15:09,839
will really bring us uh kind of to

394
00:15:14,629 --> 00:15:12,720
getting uh get learning a lot more uh

395
00:15:16,550 --> 00:15:14,639
how much closer we get to answering that

396
00:15:17,829 --> 00:15:16,560
question as david just said it's

397
00:15:19,350 --> 00:15:17,839
something we don't know yet you need to

398
00:15:22,550 --> 00:15:19,360
do the research before you can answer

399
00:15:26,470 --> 00:15:24,069
thank you we'll move on to the next

400
00:15:31,269 --> 00:15:26,480
question

401
00:15:33,350 --> 00:15:31,279
with space news you may go ahead

402
00:15:35,189 --> 00:15:33,360
good afternoon a couple of procedural

403
00:15:37,269 --> 00:15:35,199
questions about the study

404
00:15:38,629 --> 00:15:37,279
what's the process going to be for

405
00:15:40,949 --> 00:15:38,639
picking the team that's going to be

406
00:15:43,430 --> 00:15:40,959
working on the study and then what's the

407
00:15:45,269 --> 00:15:43,440
the budget nasa's allocated for this and

408
00:15:49,910 --> 00:15:45,279
where is the funding coming from to

409
00:15:54,949 --> 00:15:51,829
go ahead dan this is dan evans i think i

410
00:15:56,150 --> 00:15:54,959
can answer that one so

411
00:15:58,949 --> 00:15:56,160
when we

412
00:16:01,269 --> 00:15:58,959
orchestrate studies like this it's no

413
00:16:03,110 --> 00:16:01,279
different to to any of the hundreds of

414
00:16:05,430 --> 00:16:03,120
review panels that we put together

415
00:16:07,110 --> 00:16:05,440
annually to to look at uh grant

416
00:16:09,829 --> 00:16:07,120
applications for instance

417
00:16:12,629 --> 00:16:09,839
uh nasa has the discretion of uh

418
00:16:14,310 --> 00:16:12,639
appointing these members but we do so um

419
00:16:16,790 --> 00:16:14,320
following wide consultation with the

420
00:16:19,350 --> 00:16:16,800
members of the community as to the the

421
00:16:21,749 --> 00:16:19,360
types of individuals who would serve in

422
00:16:23,189 --> 00:16:21,759
an incredible capacity on such a high

423
00:16:25,030 --> 00:16:23,199
profile team

424
00:16:27,110 --> 00:16:25,040
so it's our discretion

425
00:16:29,350 --> 00:16:27,120
but we will consult extremely widely

426
00:16:32,310 --> 00:16:29,360
let's speak about budget

427
00:16:35,749 --> 00:16:32,320
again this is very consistent with our

428
00:16:38,150 --> 00:16:35,759
standard grant review panels so a budget

429
00:16:39,910 --> 00:16:38,160
we would estimate anywhere between a few

430
00:16:45,670 --> 00:16:39,920
tens of thousands of dollars certainly

431
00:16:49,990 --> 00:16:47,430
all right thank you we'll take the next

432
00:16:54,629 --> 00:16:50,000
question

433
00:16:57,829 --> 00:16:54,639
with reuters you may go ahead

434
00:17:00,470 --> 00:16:57,839
hey thank you um question for dr zubukin

435
00:17:03,189 --> 00:17:00,480
um pentagon and nasa officials have

436
00:17:05,669 --> 00:17:03,199
talked about nasa's involvement

437
00:17:07,669 --> 00:17:05,679
in this uap kind of research effort in

438
00:17:10,230 --> 00:17:07,679
the past and i think when you and i

439
00:17:11,829 --> 00:17:10,240
actually talked about it like a year ago

440
00:17:13,669 --> 00:17:11,839
you said kind of nasa was looking into

441
00:17:15,429 --> 00:17:13,679
this and seeing how it could help uap

442
00:17:17,350 --> 00:17:15,439
efforts and kind of similar things that

443
00:17:19,990 --> 00:17:17,360
was announced today so i guess i'm just

444
00:17:22,870 --> 00:17:20,000
wondering why announce this now and what

445
00:17:25,029 --> 00:17:22,880
prompted plans to kind of form this

446
00:17:27,510 --> 00:17:25,039
study panel and and also what progress

447
00:17:32,950 --> 00:17:27,520
if any has nasa made in the uap effort

448
00:17:37,669 --> 00:17:35,110
the um

449
00:17:41,350 --> 00:17:37,679
department of defense kind of work

450
00:17:43,990 --> 00:17:41,360
is uh is clearly there and uh you know

451
00:17:45,590 --> 00:17:44,000
has drawn a lot of attention

452
00:17:47,350 --> 00:17:45,600
and it's always very hard kind of if you

453
00:17:49,990 --> 00:17:47,360
say hey that has nothing to do with what

454
00:17:52,070 --> 00:17:50,000
we're doing some somebody else you know

455
00:17:54,230 --> 00:17:52,080
said uh you know like hey was it your

456
00:17:56,230 --> 00:17:54,240
new boss uh you know the administrator

457
00:17:57,830 --> 00:17:56,240
nelson who made you do this and it's

458
00:17:59,430 --> 00:17:57,840
very hard to say it's like oh that had

459
00:18:01,909 --> 00:17:59,440
absolutely no influence of course it has

460
00:18:03,270 --> 00:18:01,919
influence but i want you to know that

461
00:18:06,710 --> 00:18:03,280
the major reason we're doing and we're

462
00:18:10,710 --> 00:18:06,720
doing it now is uh is because of the uh

463
00:18:13,029 --> 00:18:10,720
because of the science uh you know um uh

464
00:18:14,870 --> 00:18:13,039
interest and because of the safety kind

465
00:18:16,950 --> 00:18:14,880
of issues that relate to this airspace

466
00:18:18,470 --> 00:18:16,960
that uh that we think

467
00:18:20,549 --> 00:18:18,480
matters uh i

468
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:20,559
mean you know as opposed to i mean if

469
00:18:24,230 --> 00:18:21,760
you could have done it a little bit

470
00:18:25,830 --> 00:18:24,240
earlier uh that that's perfectly fine

471
00:18:27,510 --> 00:18:25,840
but we really started thinking about

472
00:18:29,190 --> 00:18:27,520
this especially in the context of kind

473
00:18:32,070 --> 00:18:29,200
of the overall dialogue we've been

474
00:18:33,750 --> 00:18:32,080
working on this for a while uh really

475
00:18:34,630 --> 00:18:33,760
trying to make sure

476
00:18:38,549 --> 00:18:34,640
that

477
00:18:40,230 --> 00:18:38,559
did we set this up the right way because

478
00:18:42,630 --> 00:18:40,240
at the end you know kind of the quality

479
00:18:44,470 --> 00:18:42,640
of science investigations need to be the

480
00:18:47,430 --> 00:18:44,480
same no matter what we do and we will

481
00:18:49,190 --> 00:18:47,440
insist on it here also uh that the one

482
00:18:51,430 --> 00:18:49,200
difference of course between this and

483
00:18:52,789 --> 00:18:51,440
other agencies as we expect is to be

484
00:18:58,070 --> 00:18:52,799
entirely in the public domain which is

485
00:19:02,150 --> 00:18:59,750
all right thank you

486
00:19:04,310 --> 00:19:02,160
we'll go to the next question

487
00:19:07,830 --> 00:19:04,320
our next question is from marina corin

488
00:19:10,390 --> 00:19:07,840
with the atlantic you may go ahead

489
00:19:12,870 --> 00:19:10,400
hi everyone uh two questions for thomas

490
00:19:13,590 --> 00:19:12,880
um first to follow up on what joey asked

491
00:19:15,990 --> 00:19:13,600
um

492
00:19:18,710 --> 00:19:16,000
whose idea was it for nasa to establish

493
00:19:20,950 --> 00:19:18,720
this uap study team did it come from

494
00:19:23,750 --> 00:19:20,960
administrator nelson and he directed you

495
00:19:25,830 --> 00:19:23,760
to make these moves um and you also said

496
00:19:27,190 --> 00:19:25,840
that this effort lines up with nasa's

497
00:19:29,510 --> 00:19:27,200
air safety

498
00:19:30,950 --> 00:19:29,520
goals um why then is the team going to

499
00:19:32,630 --> 00:19:30,960
be housed in the science mission

500
00:19:35,029 --> 00:19:32,640
directorate and not for example the

501
00:19:37,270 --> 00:19:35,039
aeronautics research mission directorate

502
00:19:39,029 --> 00:19:37,280
thank you

503
00:19:40,549 --> 00:19:39,039
so you saw the administrator kind of

504
00:19:43,029 --> 00:19:40,559
directing me and

505
00:19:44,789 --> 00:19:43,039
uh in front of camera before that hey

506
00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:44,799
thomas you should deal with that his

507
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:46,080
instinct is

508
00:19:50,789 --> 00:19:48,559
exactly right the science

509
00:19:54,230 --> 00:19:50,799
play the science uh discipline is where

510
00:19:57,270 --> 00:19:54,240
these questions should be addressed uh

511
00:19:59,669 --> 00:19:57,280
so but uh it is my decision to turn put

512
00:20:02,470 --> 00:19:59,679
this up i did not i was not asked by

513
00:20:05,110 --> 00:20:02,480
anybody to to do this or find this

514
00:20:07,669 --> 00:20:05,120
particular approach this is the way

515
00:20:10,070 --> 00:20:07,679
i believe this should be done to

516
00:20:12,870 --> 00:20:10,080
actually add to this discussion

517
00:20:14,149 --> 00:20:12,880
and uh it's a well-proof and frankly an

518
00:20:17,029 --> 00:20:14,159
uh

519
00:20:19,669 --> 00:20:17,039
an approach i've used before in multiple

520
00:20:22,310 --> 00:20:19,679
occasions to really go into a field and

521
00:20:25,270 --> 00:20:22,320
kind of tackle a problem that is

522
00:20:26,789 --> 00:20:25,280
that is very much kind of ambiguous kind

523
00:20:28,149 --> 00:20:26,799
of when you start so i think it's

524
00:20:30,549 --> 00:20:28,159
exactly the right

525
00:20:32,630 --> 00:20:30,559
way to go the fact that we uh you know

526
00:20:34,549 --> 00:20:32,640
get one of the best leaders i believe in

527
00:20:37,110 --> 00:20:34,559
the field really will make gift us a lot

528
00:20:39,510 --> 00:20:37,120
you know with david spurkle and dana and

529
00:20:43,270 --> 00:20:39,520
will really gives us a lot of credence

530
00:20:47,350 --> 00:20:45,110
all right this is down here i just uh

531
00:20:49,909 --> 00:20:47,360
quickly point out that you know this

532
00:20:52,310 --> 00:20:49,919
wasn't done in a vacuum we of course

533
00:20:54,149 --> 00:20:52,320
have consulted with our counterparts in

534
00:20:55,750 --> 00:20:54,159
aeronautics within nasa they've been

535
00:20:57,750 --> 00:20:55,760
absolutely tremendous

536
00:20:58,710 --> 00:20:57,760
in helping us stand up this and in the

537
00:21:00,470 --> 00:20:58,720
charge

538
00:21:02,149 --> 00:21:00,480
to the independent study team that

539
00:21:03,909 --> 00:21:02,159
thomas presented this morning at the

540
00:21:05,830 --> 00:21:03,919
national academy you can actually see

541
00:21:07,750 --> 00:21:05,840
that that there are numerous airspace

542
00:21:08,950 --> 00:21:07,760
safety charge elements in there that

543
00:21:10,710 --> 00:21:08,960
were directly introduced by our

544
00:21:13,510 --> 00:21:10,720
counterparts in aeronautics so you know

545
00:21:16,070 --> 00:21:13,520
we're doing this in lockstep with them

546
00:21:17,830 --> 00:21:16,080
yeah i'm really glad you said that uh

547
00:21:19,669 --> 00:21:17,840
dan you know you know the way we're

548
00:21:22,070 --> 00:21:19,679
organized and the disciplines there's

549
00:21:23,830 --> 00:21:22,080
multiple uh ways of organizing this but

550
00:21:26,070 --> 00:21:23,840
it kind of one organization needs to

551
00:21:27,590 --> 00:21:26,080
take charge of it and then uh what we've

552
00:21:29,029 --> 00:21:27,600
done in a number of cases look at the

553
00:21:32,149 --> 00:21:29,039
commercial lunar payload services

554
00:21:35,190 --> 00:21:32,159
there's basically four entities are are

555
00:21:37,750 --> 00:21:35,200
funding that we own it here uh there's

556
00:21:39,430 --> 00:21:37,760
other uh things that other entities are

557
00:21:42,149 --> 00:21:39,440
running for us you know some of the

558
00:21:44,630 --> 00:21:42,159
space station work is running over by

559
00:21:46,710 --> 00:21:44,640
kathy leaders uh organization but you

560
00:21:48,470 --> 00:21:46,720
know like we have a lot of science uh

561
00:21:51,350 --> 00:21:48,480
impacts the same is true with deep space

562
00:21:53,110 --> 00:21:51,360
network and others right so so just

563
00:21:54,470 --> 00:21:53,120
i don't think there's more message to it

564
00:21:56,630 --> 00:21:54,480
other than us trying to figure out

565
00:21:59,190 --> 00:21:56,640
where's the where's the central

566
00:22:00,870 --> 00:21:59,200
part of the investigation and kind of

567
00:22:02,870 --> 00:22:00,880
tipped in our favor

568
00:22:04,789 --> 00:22:02,880
the fact that the administrator kind of

569
00:22:07,750 --> 00:22:04,799
gave me the actions ernie also had an

570
00:22:12,950 --> 00:22:08,950
all right we'll go on to the next

571
00:22:18,470 --> 00:22:14,710
our next question is from michael sheets

572
00:22:20,710 --> 00:22:18,480
with cnbc you may go ahead

573
00:22:23,029 --> 00:22:20,720
hi everybody i'm curious about the

574
00:22:24,630 --> 00:22:23,039
existing resources and

575
00:22:27,750 --> 00:22:24,640
data sets

576
00:22:30,549 --> 00:22:27,760
databases across nasa

577
00:22:34,070 --> 00:22:30,559
who before now has been really you know

578
00:22:35,350 --> 00:22:34,080
in charge of collecting nasa's side of

579
00:22:36,950 --> 00:22:35,360
things obviously we talked a little bit

580
00:22:39,190 --> 00:22:36,960
about the pentagon task force that's

581
00:22:41,430 --> 00:22:39,200
been collecting data and just recently

582
00:22:44,149 --> 00:22:41,440
testified showing a couple of videos of

583
00:22:47,029 --> 00:22:44,159
uap instances but i'm curious about you

584
00:22:49,750 --> 00:22:47,039
know what you guys already know and

585
00:22:50,950 --> 00:22:49,760
maybe over the decades have collected of

586
00:22:52,870 --> 00:22:50,960
instances

587
00:22:55,190 --> 00:22:52,880
and uh maybe that the public wasn't

588
00:22:56,870 --> 00:22:55,200
aware of before

589
00:22:59,029 --> 00:22:56,880
i think i'm gonna i'm gonna get started

590
00:23:00,149 --> 00:22:59,039
and then i'm gonna kick it over to uh to

591
00:23:02,710 --> 00:23:00,159
dan

592
00:23:06,710 --> 00:23:02,720
uh i'm not aware of any systematic or

593
00:23:09,669 --> 00:23:06,720
even kind of uh kind of sporadic kind of

594
00:23:11,190 --> 00:23:09,679
examinations of nasa data uh with that

595
00:23:13,510 --> 00:23:11,200
in mind i'm sure there are some but i'm

596
00:23:15,990 --> 00:23:13,520
not aware of any certainly not at the

597
00:23:18,149 --> 00:23:16,000
level that came to my attention

598
00:23:19,029 --> 00:23:18,159
uh the way the way we have done this

599
00:23:20,630 --> 00:23:19,039
right

600
00:23:22,789 --> 00:23:20,640
of course what we're doing is with our

601
00:23:24,950 --> 00:23:22,799
20 plus assets that are in space and an

602
00:23:26,789 --> 00:23:24,960
increasing number of commercial partners

603
00:23:28,950 --> 00:23:26,799
we're looking at the earth in new ways

604
00:23:31,190 --> 00:23:28,960
and we're also looking the other way at

605
00:23:33,110 --> 00:23:31,200
the sky in new ways

606
00:23:34,390 --> 00:23:33,120
with assets that we have but also with

607
00:23:36,470 --> 00:23:34,400
assets of the national science

608
00:23:38,950 --> 00:23:36,480
foundation and others are putting up

609
00:23:40,390 --> 00:23:38,960
including uh commercial entities uh you

610
00:23:43,269 --> 00:23:40,400
know and then the question just really

611
00:23:45,669 --> 00:23:43,279
is how do we use uh technologies such as

612
00:23:48,230 --> 00:23:45,679
ai and ml and other technologies that by

613
00:23:50,710 --> 00:23:48,240
the way are a pi priority for us

614
00:23:53,430 --> 00:23:50,720
here to kind of really make progress and

615
00:23:55,750 --> 00:23:53,440
sifting through the data towards uh uh

616
00:23:58,710 --> 00:23:55,760
finding some of these uh kind of uh

617
00:24:00,870 --> 00:23:58,720
interesting uh uh you know events that

618
00:24:03,669 --> 00:24:00,880
uh uh you know have the characteristics

619
00:24:06,230 --> 00:24:03,679
of of uap so so the data are here kind

620
00:24:08,070 --> 00:24:06,240
of our respective organizations uh have

621
00:24:09,590 --> 00:24:08,080
them and have done it you know and you

622
00:24:10,870 --> 00:24:09,600
know the data are public so i really

623
00:24:12,630 --> 00:24:10,880
don't know

624
00:24:15,590 --> 00:24:12,640
whether other people

625
00:24:17,830 --> 00:24:15,600
use these data uh for their uh

626
00:24:19,669 --> 00:24:17,840
for their research i sure hope they are

627
00:24:21,669 --> 00:24:19,679
you know we're always very excited

628
00:24:23,350 --> 00:24:21,679
people pull down data

629
00:24:25,910 --> 00:24:23,360
and kind of investigate them at their

630
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,920
own interest in mind

631
00:24:29,510 --> 00:24:27,600
[Music]

632
00:24:31,269 --> 00:24:29,520
yeah i'll just quickly add on that you

633
00:24:33,269 --> 00:24:31,279
know i don't think anybody at nasa has

634
00:24:35,029 --> 00:24:33,279
you know sort of systematically looked

635
00:24:37,350 --> 00:24:35,039
into uap's um

636
00:24:39,110 --> 00:24:37,360
in the past at least to my knowledge but

637
00:24:41,110 --> 00:24:39,120
i think that one of the things that this

638
00:24:43,909 --> 00:24:41,120
independent study will find is that

639
00:24:46,230 --> 00:24:43,919
there is an enormous wealth of data that

640
00:24:48,549 --> 00:24:46,240
is held in in public archives so it can

641
00:24:49,990 --> 00:24:48,559
be brought to bear upon this problem

642
00:24:52,310 --> 00:24:50,000
remember one of the things we're trying

643
00:24:55,269 --> 00:24:52,320
to do here again as tom has said is to

644
00:24:57,110 --> 00:24:55,279
turn what is ostensibly a data poor

645
00:24:59,430 --> 00:24:57,120
field into a data rich one and that's

646
00:25:01,350 --> 00:24:59,440
when we can really begin to tackle

647
00:25:02,789 --> 00:25:01,360
those interesting questions that are on

648
00:25:06,710 --> 00:25:02,799
the tips of everybody's tongues about

649
00:25:11,510 --> 00:25:08,310
all right thank you we'll move on to our

650
00:25:16,310 --> 00:25:13,510
our next question is from gaddy schwartz

651
00:25:18,070 --> 00:25:16,320
with nbc you may go ahead

652
00:25:20,789 --> 00:25:18,080
hey there just following up on that last

653
00:25:23,510 --> 00:25:20,799
question so uh just

654
00:25:26,630 --> 00:25:23,520
dovetailing nasa has tens of thousands

655
00:25:28,310 --> 00:25:26,640
of hours of video of spacecraft the

656
00:25:30,870 --> 00:25:28,320
international space station it can be

657
00:25:33,350 --> 00:25:30,880
argued that nasa's got more access to

658
00:25:35,830 --> 00:25:33,360
the public data looking up and looking

659
00:25:37,510 --> 00:25:35,840
down than any other public organization

660
00:25:39,350 --> 00:25:37,520
in the world so

661
00:25:41,909 --> 00:25:39,360
are we to understand that

662
00:25:43,909 --> 00:25:41,919
that you will be reviewing

663
00:25:44,950 --> 00:25:43,919
all that's accessible

664
00:25:47,990 --> 00:25:44,960
uh

665
00:25:51,029 --> 00:25:48,000
publicly within nasa as well as

666
00:25:53,190 --> 00:25:51,039
other public videos or or signals

667
00:25:55,029 --> 00:25:53,200
intelligence or whatever that may be and

668
00:25:58,630 --> 00:25:55,039
putting it in a study for a hundred

669
00:26:04,070 --> 00:26:01,110
okay i can answer that let's just dab

670
00:26:06,310 --> 00:26:04,080
this is no different to any scientific

671
00:26:08,070 --> 00:26:06,320
investigation that we would on to

672
00:26:10,230 --> 00:26:08,080
undertake and the first one the first

673
00:26:13,190 --> 00:26:10,240
step in any of those investigations is

674
00:26:14,549 --> 00:26:13,200
to figure out what data is at hand

675
00:26:16,710 --> 00:26:14,559
that's step one

676
00:26:19,750 --> 00:26:16,720
this is all this study is doing is to

677
00:26:21,350 --> 00:26:19,760
figure out what data one might use to

678
00:26:24,230 --> 00:26:21,360
interrogate better

679
00:26:26,470 --> 00:26:24,240
uat okay we're not actually going to be

680
00:26:28,230 --> 00:26:26,480
certain within that budget uh analyzing

681
00:26:30,230 --> 00:26:28,240
those data directly this is just step

682
00:26:37,029 --> 00:26:30,240
one what data are out there that could

683
00:26:40,789 --> 00:26:38,390
all right we'll move on to the next

684
00:26:43,269 --> 00:26:40,799
question oh sorry with anything more oh

685
00:26:44,870 --> 00:26:43,279
yeah yeah just just uh so just to

686
00:26:46,549 --> 00:26:44,880
clarify

687
00:26:49,510 --> 00:26:46,559
so what what will that be so there will

688
00:26:51,909 --> 00:26:49,520
be no determination on whether

689
00:26:52,950 --> 00:26:51,919
this is prosaic or something else it'll

690
00:26:54,470 --> 00:26:52,960
just be

691
00:26:57,830 --> 00:26:54,480
basically what we've kind of seen from

692
00:27:00,710 --> 00:26:57,840
the dod which is uh we have you know 200

693
00:27:02,950 --> 00:27:00,720
and some cases or or such and such many

694
00:27:05,190 --> 00:27:02,960
cases of unexpected phenomenon is that

695
00:27:07,110 --> 00:27:05,200
is that what the the final products or

696
00:27:09,669 --> 00:27:07,120
the final first product may look like at

697
00:27:11,750 --> 00:27:09,679
the end of this study

698
00:27:13,350 --> 00:27:11,760
why don't i take that one

699
00:27:14,789 --> 00:27:13,360
my guess is to define a product and

700
00:27:17,350 --> 00:27:14,799
frankly i want to kick it over to dave

701
00:27:20,070 --> 00:27:17,360
in just a sec here but what that what i

702
00:27:22,630 --> 00:27:20,080
expect the final product to look like is

703
00:27:25,590 --> 00:27:22,640
to really address the questions uh that

704
00:27:28,230 --> 00:27:25,600
relate to what are the data we should be

705
00:27:30,870 --> 00:27:28,240
looking at how should we doing that are

706
00:27:33,029 --> 00:27:30,880
there data we should uh get that with

707
00:27:35,669 --> 00:27:33,039
that are not uh that are not currently

708
00:27:38,310 --> 00:27:35,679
there so it's much more kind of uh that

709
00:27:40,789 --> 00:27:38,320
the output from this particular study is

710
00:27:43,269 --> 00:27:40,799
not to sift through all the data and do

711
00:27:45,830 --> 00:27:43,279
all this research it's to kind of make a

712
00:27:48,149 --> 00:27:45,840
proposal for a research program that we

713
00:27:49,909 --> 00:27:48,159
can then implement based on uh the

714
00:27:52,950 --> 00:27:49,919
inputs and the principles that are there

715
00:27:54,389 --> 00:27:52,960
dave i'll kick it to you

716
00:27:56,310 --> 00:27:54,399
yeah i mean i just

717
00:27:58,870 --> 00:27:56,320
just to reinforce what thomas said i

718
00:28:01,190 --> 00:27:58,880
think we will end up probably saying

719
00:28:02,950 --> 00:28:01,200
look here's the data we have usually

720
00:28:05,350 --> 00:28:02,960
when you do that you then reach the

721
00:28:07,510 --> 00:28:05,360
conclusion that well the data we have is

722
00:28:08,710 --> 00:28:07,520
okay but if only we took the data

723
00:28:11,190 --> 00:28:08,720
differently

724
00:28:12,950 --> 00:28:11,200
you know observed from above and below a

725
00:28:14,310 --> 00:28:12,960
certain region of the sky at the same

726
00:28:16,149 --> 00:28:14,320
time for example

727
00:28:18,470 --> 00:28:16,159
without having done the analysis i don't

728
00:28:20,870 --> 00:28:18,480
know what it'll look like but

729
00:28:23,669 --> 00:28:20,880
ways of observing the future

730
00:28:26,230 --> 00:28:23,679
that might give much more insight

731
00:28:27,430 --> 00:28:26,240
ways of analysis in the future

732
00:28:30,070 --> 00:28:27,440
you know uh

733
00:28:32,310 --> 00:28:30,080
you know thomas mentioned ai and ml we

734
00:28:35,269 --> 00:28:32,320
now have a lot of methodologies that are

735
00:28:37,830 --> 00:28:35,279
effective at finding anomalous events

736
00:28:42,230 --> 00:28:37,840
finding fast moving objects finding

737
00:28:47,430 --> 00:28:45,110
i'm imagining we will end up pointing it

738
00:28:48,389 --> 00:28:47,440
perhaps in future directions

739
00:28:50,470 --> 00:28:48,399
that

740
00:28:53,110 --> 00:28:50,480
nasa may want to consider

741
00:28:54,950 --> 00:28:53,120
uh future stuff you know we will

742
00:28:57,350 --> 00:28:54,960
hopefully at least

743
00:29:01,510 --> 00:28:57,360
lay out some of the roadmap of how we

744
00:29:08,310 --> 00:29:03,909
great thank you so much we will move on

745
00:29:12,389 --> 00:29:10,310
and our next question is from kenneth

746
00:29:13,830 --> 00:29:12,399
chang with the new york times you may go

747
00:29:15,590 --> 00:29:13,840
ahead

748
00:29:17,669 --> 00:29:15,600
thank you all right this is for thomas

749
00:29:19,510 --> 00:29:17,679
so i was wondering now that nasa has

750
00:29:21,269 --> 00:29:19,520
sort of openly

751
00:29:23,909 --> 00:29:21,279
to the possibility that it could be

752
00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:23,919
intelligent aliens visiting earth what

753
00:29:27,350 --> 00:29:25,440
are the prospects that nasa could get

754
00:29:29,669 --> 00:29:27,360
back into business looking for

755
00:29:31,669 --> 00:29:29,679
alien intelligence in the universe um

756
00:29:33,909 --> 00:29:31,679
nasa hasn't has done hardly any study

757
00:29:36,310 --> 00:29:33,919
work for decades and a lot of it was

758
00:29:38,470 --> 00:29:36,320
because of skepticism from congress but

759
00:29:40,389 --> 00:29:38,480
it seems congress seems to be more open

760
00:29:43,590 --> 00:29:40,399
to that now

761
00:29:48,470 --> 00:29:46,950
look i mean i have we have done work

762
00:29:52,149 --> 00:29:48,480
on uh

763
00:29:54,549 --> 00:29:52,159
both looking at kind of uh the sky at a

764
00:29:56,310 --> 00:29:54,559
variety of wavelength ranges but also

765
00:29:58,310 --> 00:29:56,320
looking for techno signatures that

766
00:29:59,590 --> 00:29:58,320
aren't currently funding those research

767
00:30:03,350 --> 00:29:59,600
projects

768
00:30:05,110 --> 00:30:03,360
and uh so so yes it is true that uh

769
00:30:07,669 --> 00:30:05,120
kind of there was a period where perhaps

770
00:30:10,310 --> 00:30:07,679
that was less abundant but uh now we've

771
00:30:13,029 --> 00:30:10,320
deliberately included that into our

772
00:30:14,630 --> 00:30:13,039
research portfolio so i'm not aware of

773
00:30:16,630 --> 00:30:14,640
kind of research we're artificially

774
00:30:18,630 --> 00:30:16,640
stifling from one or the other side what

775
00:30:20,549 --> 00:30:18,640
we're really trying to do here though

776
00:30:23,350 --> 00:30:20,559
is start the investigation without an

777
00:30:26,310 --> 00:30:23,360
outcome in mind uh you know really being

778
00:30:27,669 --> 00:30:26,320
open to many different options uh you

779
00:30:30,630 --> 00:30:27,679
know i think david

780
00:30:33,350 --> 00:30:30,640
sparkle said it well right kind of uh

781
00:30:35,750 --> 00:30:33,360
being aware that multiple

782
00:30:36,549 --> 00:30:35,760
sources of explanations could be there

783
00:30:38,950 --> 00:30:36,559
but

784
00:30:41,269 --> 00:30:38,960
i'm not aware of any guidance that that

785
00:30:41,990 --> 00:30:41,279
i have or that i've implemented

786
00:30:48,789 --> 00:30:42,000
that

787
00:30:53,110 --> 00:30:51,830
and and can i we have just a hand we do

788
00:30:54,870 --> 00:30:53,120
have some uh things that have been

789
00:30:57,750 --> 00:30:54,880
funded on techno signatures if you want

790
00:30:59,750 --> 00:30:57,760
me to follow up with you on that uh our

791
00:31:01,909 --> 00:30:59,760
our one set of guidances is always from

792
00:31:05,669 --> 00:31:01,919
space observations because that is what

793
00:31:10,230 --> 00:31:05,679
we do so we don't we don't fund from

794
00:31:14,389 --> 00:31:11,669
but if nothing else on that we can move

795
00:31:17,669 --> 00:31:15,909
our next question is from andrea

796
00:31:20,230 --> 00:31:17,679
leinfelder with the houston chronicle

797
00:31:22,710 --> 00:31:20,240
you may go ahead

798
00:31:24,389 --> 00:31:22,720
hi um this is following up a little bit

799
00:31:25,990 --> 00:31:24,399
on um

800
00:31:27,750 --> 00:31:26,000
on just how

801
00:31:29,269 --> 00:31:27,760
uaps has been observed thus far so you

802
00:31:31,669 --> 00:31:29,279
know a lot of the dod observation

803
00:31:33,350 --> 00:31:31,679
release have been from naval aviators

804
00:31:34,470 --> 00:31:33,360
and so david i'm always wondering if you

805
00:31:35,909 --> 00:31:34,480
could just

806
00:31:37,269 --> 00:31:35,919
talk a little bit about what the study

807
00:31:39,350 --> 00:31:37,279
you said might be

808
00:31:41,110 --> 00:31:39,360
telescopes or satellites do you know

809
00:31:43,430 --> 00:31:41,120
these have been used before to spot any

810
00:31:44,789 --> 00:31:43,440
of these uaps and i know part of this is

811
00:31:46,470 --> 00:31:44,799
figuring out how to collect that in the

812
00:31:48,870 --> 00:31:46,480
future but if you could just talk to how

813
00:31:51,909 --> 00:31:48,880
maybe we're looking at things other than

814
00:31:52,710 --> 00:31:51,919
just naval aviators thank you

815
00:31:54,549 --> 00:31:52,720
um

816
00:31:57,350 --> 00:31:54,559
as far as i know

817
00:31:59,909 --> 00:31:57,360
um and do i expect to learn more as a

818
00:32:01,669 --> 00:31:59,919
study goes forward i do not know of any

819
00:32:02,870 --> 00:32:01,679
systematic study to do that with

820
00:32:04,310 --> 00:32:02,880
graduates

821
00:32:07,110 --> 00:32:04,320
you know either

822
00:32:10,389 --> 00:32:07,120
ground-based telescopes looking up uh

823
00:32:21,350 --> 00:32:10,399
atmospheric observations or

824
00:32:24,789 --> 00:32:23,269
there's actually a wealth of data that

825
00:32:30,630 --> 00:32:24,799
we have collected

826
00:32:35,029 --> 00:32:32,230
all right thank you

827
00:32:37,350 --> 00:32:35,039
moving on to the next question

828
00:32:40,470 --> 00:32:37,360
our next question is from miriam cramer

829
00:32:42,710 --> 00:32:40,480
with axios you may go ahead

830
00:32:45,110 --> 00:32:42,720
hi this question is for uh

831
00:32:47,350 --> 00:32:45,120
thomas and david i think um

832
00:32:49,269 --> 00:32:47,360
do you think that uaps should be

833
00:32:51,350 --> 00:32:49,279
discussed in the same breath as other

834
00:32:52,950 --> 00:32:51,360
more mainstream scientific searches for

835
00:32:54,950 --> 00:32:52,960
life in the universe whether it be you

836
00:32:57,110 --> 00:32:54,960
know looking for microbes on mars

837
00:33:00,389 --> 00:32:57,120
or techno signatures

838
00:33:00,399 --> 00:33:03,990
i'll let you go david

839
00:33:07,110 --> 00:33:06,149
yeah i would group them

840
00:33:08,710 --> 00:33:07,120
more

841
00:33:11,029 --> 00:33:08,720
at this point

842
00:33:13,110 --> 00:33:11,039
with um

843
00:33:15,509 --> 00:33:13,120
when you're looking for life on mars you

844
00:33:17,669 --> 00:33:15,519
know what you're in a sense you start

845
00:33:19,909 --> 00:33:17,679
out with a hypothesis that you want to

846
00:33:21,669 --> 00:33:19,919
test and you start out with a modeling

847
00:33:23,669 --> 00:33:21,679
morning test

848
00:33:26,389 --> 00:33:23,679
the approach i think we want to take

849
00:33:29,269 --> 00:33:26,399
here is a different one this is a

850
00:33:31,110 --> 00:33:29,279
phenomenon we don't understand

851
00:33:33,269 --> 00:33:31,120
and we want to collect more data on the

852
00:33:34,070 --> 00:33:33,279
phenomenon i don't think we want to go

853
00:33:35,269 --> 00:33:34,080
in

854
00:33:37,830 --> 00:33:35,279
um

855
00:33:40,950 --> 00:33:37,840
with particular hypotheses coming into

856
00:33:44,950 --> 00:33:43,269
yeah i i agree with this i kind of i

857
00:33:47,669 --> 00:33:44,960
want to say because

858
00:33:49,830 --> 00:33:47,679
in my kind of scientific lifetimes you

859
00:33:51,509 --> 00:33:49,840
know some of these uh night glowing

860
00:33:55,029 --> 00:33:51,519
clouds that were

861
00:33:56,789 --> 00:33:55,039
that were frankly hypothesized of being

862
00:33:59,110 --> 00:33:56,799
kind of uh you know having very

863
00:34:01,509 --> 00:33:59,120
different origins that we now know they

864
00:34:02,950 --> 00:34:01,519
have kind of was a kind of analogy of

865
00:34:05,909 --> 00:34:02,960
that kind of uh

866
00:34:07,990 --> 00:34:05,919
an event a serie a phenomena that has

867
00:34:10,550 --> 00:34:08,000
certain characteristics and kind of by

868
00:34:12,950 --> 00:34:10,560
bringing data to bear and eventually

869
00:34:14,950 --> 00:34:12,960
models could be explained uh you know so

870
00:34:17,430 --> 00:34:14,960
so it really is it's more that again to

871
00:34:19,510 --> 00:34:17,440
get to that answer multiple

872
00:34:22,069 --> 00:34:19,520
routes of investigation were pursued and

873
00:34:23,589 --> 00:34:22,079
multiple hypotheses were put forward and

874
00:34:26,310 --> 00:34:23,599
at the end it turned out to be a really

875
00:34:28,470 --> 00:34:26,320
beautiful uh set of science uh going

876
00:34:29,990 --> 00:34:28,480
forward so yes it really is kind of a

877
00:34:34,310 --> 00:34:30,000
slightly different

878
00:34:35,349 --> 00:34:34,320
approach that is very common in science

879
00:34:37,270 --> 00:34:35,359
right sometimes you just don't

880
00:34:40,869 --> 00:34:37,280
understand something and you start

881
00:34:42,869 --> 00:34:40,879
poking at it from multiple directions

882
00:34:44,629 --> 00:34:42,879
great um we've got gorgeous pictures of

883
00:34:46,310 --> 00:34:44,639
those noctilucent clouds that thomas

884
00:34:49,190 --> 00:34:46,320
just mentioned if everybody's interested

885
00:34:52,629 --> 00:34:49,200
i'll pass them along too

886
00:34:54,310 --> 00:34:52,639
we can go on to the next question

887
00:34:58,390 --> 00:34:54,320
our next question is from mike wahl with

888
00:35:02,310 --> 00:35:00,310
thank you guys um yeah this one's

889
00:35:04,630 --> 00:35:02,320
probably for dr z do you hope one of the

890
00:35:06,950 --> 00:35:04,640
outcomes of this study is to kind of

891
00:35:08,390 --> 00:35:06,960
normalize this this sort of research

892
00:35:10,310 --> 00:35:08,400
program going forward you know taking

893
00:35:11,990 --> 00:35:10,320
something that might be a little outrage

894
00:35:13,910 --> 00:35:12,000
but bringing it more into the mainstream

895
00:35:16,069 --> 00:35:13,920
and giving like kind of masses and

896
00:35:17,589 --> 00:35:16,079
primitive to that will bring more people

897
00:35:19,910 --> 00:35:17,599
into the study i mean is that one of the

898
00:35:21,910 --> 00:35:19,920
outcomes that you hope to achieve is to

899
00:35:23,109 --> 00:35:21,920
is to kind of like normalize this sort

900
00:35:24,950 --> 00:35:23,119
of thinking

901
00:35:26,790 --> 00:35:24,960
going forward

902
00:35:29,030 --> 00:35:26,800
one of the outcomes of the study for me

903
00:35:31,349 --> 00:35:29,040
would be to kind of

904
00:35:33,829 --> 00:35:31,359
communicate to everybody uh whether it's

905
00:35:35,589 --> 00:35:33,839
our own community and and more broadly

906
00:35:37,910 --> 00:35:35,599
that the science process is a valid

907
00:35:41,030 --> 00:35:37,920
process for any and all problems

908
00:35:42,470 --> 00:35:41,040
including that one so so for me

909
00:35:44,470 --> 00:35:42,480
so i turn it on its head do you see what

910
00:35:46,470 --> 00:35:44,480
i'm saying i mean i i just really

911
00:35:48,310 --> 00:35:46,480
believe that uh

912
00:35:51,030 --> 00:35:48,320
these kind of processes that that we

913
00:35:53,190 --> 00:35:51,040
that have proven to be so transformative

914
00:35:55,430 --> 00:35:53,200
for how we understand our universe are

915
00:35:58,310 --> 00:35:55,440
very much useful including for those

916
00:36:00,069 --> 00:35:58,320
problems

917
00:36:01,750 --> 00:36:00,079
okay great thank you

918
00:36:03,829 --> 00:36:01,760
and we have time for only one more

919
00:36:06,390 --> 00:36:03,839
question today uh for those we don't get

920
00:36:08,790 --> 00:36:06,400
to uh do feel free to reach out directly

921
00:36:10,230 --> 00:36:08,800
to me karen boxer to the newsroom

922
00:36:12,790 --> 00:36:10,240
and we will try to get your questions

923
00:36:16,150 --> 00:36:12,800
answered but we have one more question

924
00:36:17,430 --> 00:36:16,160
so i'll toss to you holly for that

925
00:36:19,670 --> 00:36:17,440
thank you our next question is from

926
00:36:21,670 --> 00:36:19,680
irene cloth with aviation week you may

927
00:36:23,670 --> 00:36:21,680
go ahead

928
00:36:27,109 --> 00:36:23,680
thanks very much um i think this is

929
00:36:29,670 --> 00:36:27,119
probably for uh dr spurgle

930
00:36:32,870 --> 00:36:29,680
as the study group leader will you have

931
00:36:34,390 --> 00:36:32,880
access to classified information and if

932
00:36:37,670 --> 00:36:34,400
not

933
00:36:41,750 --> 00:36:37,680
how will that limit the scope of what

934
00:36:47,030 --> 00:36:44,630
i do not have classified clearance and

935
00:36:50,230 --> 00:36:47,040
we want this to be an open study

936
00:36:51,910 --> 00:36:50,240
so what we will rely on is

937
00:36:55,030 --> 00:36:51,920
some members of the community will have

938
00:36:56,710 --> 00:36:55,040
clearances if we need some insights we

939
00:36:58,870 --> 00:36:56,720
can obtain them i hope

940
00:37:01,190 --> 00:36:58,880
but mostly i think we will be trying to

941
00:37:04,710 --> 00:37:01,200
see what we can learn

942
00:37:06,310 --> 00:37:04,720
from the open data as

943
00:37:07,270 --> 00:37:06,320
we've mentioned already i think there's

944
00:37:09,670 --> 00:37:07,280
actually

945
00:37:12,069 --> 00:37:09,680
likely a lot of information

946
00:37:14,630 --> 00:37:12,079
in the open data that has not been

947
00:37:19,510 --> 00:37:14,640
looked at yet not been used and we can

948
00:37:24,310 --> 00:37:19,520
use um open processes uh for uh

949
00:37:28,310 --> 00:37:26,230
this is dan if i may quickly add on to

950
00:37:30,710 --> 00:37:28,320
that you know what one of the things

951
00:37:32,470 --> 00:37:30,720
that we aim to do by setting up this

952
00:37:35,349 --> 00:37:32,480
study is is to acknowledge that there's

953
00:37:38,390 --> 00:37:35,359
been a lot of work done in the dod um

954
00:37:40,390 --> 00:37:38,400
realm about this already but see what we

955
00:37:42,310 --> 00:37:40,400
can contribute using the tools of

956
00:37:44,790 --> 00:37:42,320
science and so it's extremely important

957
00:37:47,510 --> 00:37:44,800
to us that this remain a fully

958
00:37:50,230 --> 00:37:47,520
transparent open and therefore

959
00:37:52,710 --> 00:37:50,240
unclassified study right we want the

960
00:37:54,390 --> 00:37:52,720
report to be published in full in its

961
00:37:56,630 --> 00:37:54,400
entirety we're going to be having public

962
00:37:59,430 --> 00:37:56,640
meetings about this too um and so that

963
00:38:01,589 --> 00:37:59,440
necessitates uh that it be unclassified

964
00:38:03,589 --> 00:38:01,599
and i think we've learned over the

965
00:38:05,910 --> 00:38:03,599
course of these 40 minutes yeah there's

966
00:38:07,510 --> 00:38:05,920
a great wealth of data out there

967
00:38:10,069 --> 00:38:07,520
that we can use already so i don't

968
00:38:15,190 --> 00:38:10,079
really see the need to to to partition

969
00:38:18,630 --> 00:38:17,030
thank you so much dan and did you

970
00:38:20,710 --> 00:38:18,640
address what you wanted to off of the

971
00:38:23,270 --> 00:38:20,720
last last person's question as well or

972
00:38:25,349 --> 00:38:23,280
did you want to add in

973
00:38:26,870 --> 00:38:25,359
i'll just quickly say that um

974
00:38:28,710 --> 00:38:26,880
one of the things you may have heard in

975
00:38:30,790 --> 00:38:28,720
the congressional hearings uh

976
00:38:34,310 --> 00:38:30,800
a few weeks ago was that there is a

977
00:38:37,510 --> 00:38:34,320
great deal of stigma associated with uap

978
00:38:40,150 --> 00:38:37,520
among our uh naval aviators and aviation

979
00:38:42,550 --> 00:38:40,160
communities um one of the things that we

980
00:38:44,710 --> 00:38:42,560
tangentially hope to do as part of this

981
00:38:46,870 --> 00:38:44,720
study simply by talking about it in the

982
00:38:49,510 --> 00:38:46,880
open is to help to remove some of the

983
00:38:51,670 --> 00:38:49,520
stigma uh associated with it and you

984
00:38:54,150 --> 00:38:51,680
know that will yield obviously uh

985
00:38:56,069 --> 00:38:54,160
increased access to to data more reports

986
00:38:57,750 --> 00:38:56,079
more sightings etc so

987
00:39:01,430 --> 00:38:57,760
that's another um thing that we're

988
00:39:03,270 --> 00:39:01,440
trying to accomplish with us

989
00:39:04,950 --> 00:39:03,280
great well thank you so much there was a

990
00:39:06,550 --> 00:39:04,960
lot of interest today and i am sorry we

991
00:39:09,270 --> 00:39:06,560
could not get to everybody's questions

992
00:39:10,630 --> 00:39:09,280
um but we had uh this was fit in quickly

993
00:39:11,910 --> 00:39:10,640
around people's schedules we were not